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Diwali is the festival of lights, sweets, and joy. This delightful festival brings along with it a lot of joy but not for everyone. For people with chronic illnesses, Diwali and the post-Diwali period can be a very challenging time. What makes it tough is that the festival also brings along with it stress, dietary indulgences, and a significant increase in air pollution.

For those who have respiratory conditions, heart disease, diabetes, or autoimmune diseases, managing health after Diwali celebrations requires extra care and planning. We speak with Dr Arun Chowdary Kotaru, Consultant, Respiratory/Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, Artemis Hospitals, to know what proactive steps people can take to enjoy the festivities while minimising health risks.

Air pollution levels skyrocket during Diwali due to the use of firecrackers, candles, and lamps. These pollutants have the potential to worsen symptoms for individuals with asthma, COPD, and other respiratory illnesses, says Dr Arun Kotaru. Pollutants like particulate matter and harmful gases linger in the air, aggravating respiratory issues and causing complications.

For people with heart conditions, the rise in pollutants can increase blood pressure, heart rate, and the risk of heart attacks. It is important to plan indoor activities as much as possible and avoid exposure to smoke-filled air. Using an N95 mask when stepping outside can help in reducing exposure to pollutants, and indoor air purifiers can significantly improve air quality at home.

Managing stress is another crucial aspect of living with a chronic illness during Diwali, Dr Kotaru points out. The compulsion to participate in social events, prepare elaborate meals, and meet family expectations can alleviate stress levels, which can negatively impact physical health.

“High stress levels are particularly problematic for individuals with autoimmune diseases, as stress can trigger flare-ups and increase inflammation in the body. Setting boundaries, allowing oneself to say no to overwhelming commitments, and prioritising self-care can help in keeping stress at bay. Engaging in mindfulness practices like meditation and deep breathing exercises can help in managing stress and provide a sense of calm amidst the festive chaos,” says Dr Kotaru.

Dietary indulgences are typically central to Diwali celebrations, with sweets, fried foods, and sugary treats offered in abundance. For people with diabetes, maintaining stable blood sugar levels can be difficult during this time, advises Dr Kotaru.

Instead of giving up on the celebrations, people can plan by consuming treats in moderation and focusing on healthier options, such as fruits, nuts, and whole-grain snacks. Checking blood sugar levels regularly, choosing portion control, and balancing meals with protein and fibre can make a significant difference and allow individuals to enjoy Diwali wholeheartedly without compromising on health. For those with heart disease, it’s advisable to limit salty and fried foods to keep blood pressure in check.

Finally, encouraging alternatives to firecrackers, celebrating indoors, and adding healthier meal options can allow everyone, including those with chronic illnesses, to enjoy the festival with utmost zeal and enthusiasm without compromising their health.

Putting it briefly, Diwali can be enjoyed fully even with a chronic illness by prioritising well-being, making conscious choices, and taking preventive measures to manage pollution, stress, and dietary impacts. With the right approach, individuals can embrace the spirit of the festival while simultaneously protecting their health, concludes Dr Kotaru.

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