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A new report of The Lancet Countdown on Health and Climate Change says that over the last decade, infants and adults aged 65 or above were exposed to about eight heatwave days each year on average in India. This is a 47 per cent increase for infants and 58 per cent for older adults, compared to 1990-1999. The report was published ahead of the 29th UN Conference of the Parties, or ‘COP29’. This report revealed the country-wise assessment of how climate change is affecting people’s health.

According to the report in 2023 alone, people in India were found to be exposed to moderate or higher risk of heat stress for about 2,400 hours or 100 days, while performing light outdoor activities such as walking.

The report showed that 10 of the 15 indicators that help track health threats to people around the world due to global warming, including rising nighttime temperatures and extreme precipitation, reached concerning new records.

Further, estimating the economic impacts of heat in India, the report found that the agricultural sector was the worst hit from potential income loss due to a reduced capacity of labour in 2023 to the tune of over $71.9 billion in potential losses. Overall, in 2023, about 181 billion labour hours were potentially lost due to exposure to heat in India which is an increase of 50 per cent from those lost during 1990-1999.

The authors of the report say that it provides the most up-to-date assessment of the links between health and climate change. The health impact of heat waves can be severe. It can lead to several health issues, from dehydration and digestive issues to heatstroke and more. Therefore, it is important that you take the necessary steps that can help prevent such conditions.

During a heatwave, your body loses fluids faster through sweat. Therefore, it is essential to drink plenty of water throughout the day. Also, avoid alcohol and caffeinated beverages as they can lead to dehydration.

Opt for loose, lightweight and light-coloured clothing. Dark colours absorb more heat and tight clothes prevent the flow of air to your body. Choose natural fabrics like cotton as they allow your skin to breathe.

If possible, stay in air-conditioned rooms and buildings during the hottest parts of the day. If air conditioning isn’t available, use fans along with open windows which can help cool down indoor spaces.

Limit Outdoor Activities

Try to schedule outdoor activities during the cooler times of the day, either early morning or late evening. Avoid strenuous activities during peak heat hours to prevent heat exhaustion.

Regularly cooling off with a cool shower or bath can help bring down your body temperature. However, avoid very cold showers, as these can cause the body to generate more heat.

Sunburn can affect your body’s ability to cool itself and lead to fluid loss. Apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30 to protect your skin from harmful UV rays.

Heavy meals can increase your body temperature. Opt for smaller, lighter meals. Choose fruits and vegetables with high water content such as watermelon and cucumbers as they can help to keep you hydrated and cool.

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