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World COPD Day 2024: Know The Symptoms, Triggers And Preventive Measures Of COPD Flare-Ups
Symptoms, Triggers And Preventive Measures Of COPD Flare-Ups
Photo : iStock
World COPD Day is observed every year on November 20. This day is organised by the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) in collaboration with healthcare professionals and COPD patient groups throughout the world. World COPD Day aims to raise awareness about the condition.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a lung condition which is caused by damage to the lungs. This damage results in swelling and irritation inside the airways that limit airflow into and out of the lungs. COPD is caused due to long-term exposure to irritating gases or particulate matter. The World Health Organisation (WHO) says that COPD is sometimes called emphysema or chronic bronchitis. In people with COPD, the lungs can get damaged or clogged with phlegm.
One might have COPD flare-ups which are also known as exacerbations. These are episodes when symptoms of COPD suddenly worsen beyond their usual level of severity. Flare-ups can be triggered by respiratory infections, air pollution, extreme weather, or exposure to lung irritants like smoke or strong odours. These flare-ups can significantly impact the quality of one’s life and one may need urgent medical attention.
Symptoms of COPD Flare-ups
Here, take a look at some of the symptoms of COPD flare-ups.
- Shortness of breath or wheezing
- Fatigue
- Fever
- Scratchy throat or other signs of a cold
- Coughing up more mucous than usual, or it turns green, tan or bloody
- Swollen ankles
- Confusion
- Unusual sleepiness.
Triggers of COPD Flare-ups
Here, take a look at some of the triggers of COPD flare-ups.
- Smog and other kinds of air pollution
- Cigarette or cigar smoke
- Strong fumes from perfume and other scented products
- Cold air or hot, humid air
- Ragweed and other pollens that trigger allergies.
Preventive Measures of COPD Flare-Ups
Here are some ways to prevent COPD flare-ups.
Avoid Respiratory Infections
Stay current on flu and pneumonia vaccines to reduce the risk of infections that can trigger exacerbations. Practice good hygiene such as regular handwashing and avoid close contact with sick individuals.
Prescribed Medications
Follow your doctor’s instructions for medications like bronchodilators or corticosteroids. Proper use of inhalers can help to keep the airways open and reduce inflammation.
Quit Smoking
Smoking is the leading cause of COPD flare-ups. Avoiding cigarettes and exposure to secondhand smoke can help prevent further lung damage and reduce exacerbation frequency.
Identify and Avoid Triggers
Common triggers include air pollution, allergens and extreme temperatures. Monitor air quality forecasts, use an air purifier and wear a mask when necessary.
Follow a Healthy Diet
A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables and lean protein supports the immune system, thereby, improving your ability to fight infections that can worsen COPD symptoms.
Stay Active
Regular exercise like walking or gentle yoga helps to strengthen respiratory muscles, but overexertion should be avoided.
Manage Stress
Stress can worsen breathing difficulties. Practice relaxation techniques like deep breathing, meditation or mindfulness to stay calm during potential flare-ups.
Stay Hydrated
Adequate hydration helps thin mucous, thereby, making it easier to clear the airways and prevent blockages.
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